RIVOJLANAYOTGAN MAMLAKATLARDA RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA VA EKSPORTNI DIVERSIFIKATSIYA QILISH: AKTGA ASOSLANGAN YANGI ISTIQBOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54613/ku.v16i.1246Keywords:
AKT, inson kapitali, eksport diversifikatsiyasi, raqamlashtirish, iqtisodiy o‘sish, System GMM modeli, rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar.Abstract
Bugungi kunda axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari (AKT) mamlakatlarning tashqi savdo tarkibini shakllantirishda va iqtisodiy o‘sishni rag‘batlantirishda muhim rol o‘ynamoqda. Ushbu maqolada AKTning eksport diversifikatsiyasiga ta’siri, ayniqsa inson kapitalining bu jarayondagi o‘rni bilan birgalikda o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot 2002–2022 yillar oralig‘ida 78 ta rivojlanayotgan davlatlarning panel ma’lumotlari asosida olib borilgan. Dinamik panel modeli — System GMM yondashuvi yordamida AKT va inson kapitali o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro ta’sir eksport diversifikatsiyasiga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi tahlil qilingan. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, raqamli infratuzilmaning o‘zi eksport bazasining kengayishiga yetarli emas, biroq inson kapitali yuqori bo‘lgan mamlakatlarda AKT eksport diversifikatsiyasiga sezilarli va ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Shundan kelib chiqib, AKT va inson kapitali o‘zaro bir-birini to‘ldiruvchi iqtisodiy o‘sish omillari sifatida namoyon bo‘ladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ta’kidlaydiki, mamlakatlarda raqamli infratuzilmani rivojlantirish bilan bir qatorda ta’lim sifati va inson kapitaliga yo‘naltirilgan siyosatlarni uyg‘unlashtirish iqtisodiy barqarorlikni ta’minlashda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
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