CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA VA CHAMOMILLA SUAVEOLENS O‘RTASIDAGI TURLARARO DURAGAYLASH: DORIVOR O‘SIMLIKLAR SELEKSIYASIDA ADAPTIV VA FITOKIMYOVIY SALOHIYATNI TAHLILIY BAHOLASH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54613/ku.v17i.1406Keywords:
turlararo duragaylash, Chamomilla recutita, Chamomilla suaveolens, seleksiya, adaptatsiya, efir moylari, fitokimyoviy xilma-xillik, segregatsiyaAbstract
Bugungi kunda dorivor o‘simliklar xomashyosi hamda ulardan tayyorlanadigan fitopreparatlarga bo‘lgan ehtiyoj dunyo bozorida yil sayin ortib bormoqda. Bu jarayon, tabiiyki, xomashyo bazasini kengaytirish va mahsulot sifatini barqarorlashtirish masalasini yanada dolzarb qiladi. Amaliy tajribalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, madaniylashtirilgan dorivor turlarda genetik xilma-xillikning cheklanishi ekologik stress omillari — qurg‘oqchilik, yuqori harorat, sho‘rlanish, patogen va zararkunandalar bosimi kabi sharoitlarda hosildorlik hamda kimyoviy sifat barqarorligini ta’minlashni murakkablashtiradi1,2.
Shu bois seleksiyada yovvoyi qarindosh turlar genofondidan foydalanish, ayniqsa, turlararo duragaylash orqali adaptiv va fitokimyoviy jihatdan boyitilgan seleksion yangi manbalar olish istiqbollari kuchaymoqda[1]. Ushbu tahliliy maqolada Chamomilla recutita va Chamomilla suaveolens (ba’zi ilmiy manbalarda Matricaria chamomilla hamda Matricaria discoidea) bo‘yicha chop etilgan tadqiqotlar tanqidiy tahlil qilinib, turlararo duragaylashning genetik asoslari, ekologik barqarorlikka ta’siri va fitokimyoviy imkoniyatlarini diversifikatsiya qilish imkoniyatlari muhokama qilinadi.
Yevropa, Osiyo va Amerika olimlari tomonidan GC–MS, GC–FID hamda HPLC metodlari orqali olib borilgan izlanishlar romashka turkumida seleksiya faqat “hosil va biomassa” bilan chegaralanmasligi, balki xomashyoning kimyoviy sifat barqarorligini ham qamrab oladigan kompleks yondashuv zarurligini ko‘rsatadi.
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